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100% Pass Quiz 2025 312-50v13: Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEHv13)–The Best Test Question

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ECCouncil Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEHv13) Sample Questions (Q452-Q457):

NEW QUESTION # 452
Henry is a penetration tester who works for XYZ organization. While performing enumeration on a client organization, he queries the DNS server for a specific cached DNS record. Further, by using this cached record, he determines the sites recently visited by the organization's user.
What is the enumeration technique used by Henry on the organization?

A. DNS zone walking
B. DNSSEC zone walking
C. DNS cache snooping
D. DNS cache poisoning

Answer: C

Explanation:
DNS cache snooping is an enumeration technique where the attacker queries a DNS server to check whether a specific domain has been recently resolved by the server (i.e., it exists in the cache). If a positive response is received with low latency, it indicates that the domain was visited recently.
Key points:
* Used to infer user browsing habits or visited domains.
* Helps attackers identify user interests or potential targets.
Incorrect Options:
* A. DNS zone walking is used to list all domain names in a DNS zone (with misconfigured DNS servers), not for cached record inspection.
* C. DNSSEC zone walking applies only when DNSSEC is misconfigured.
* D. DNS cache poisoning is a manipulation technique, not a passive enumeration method.
Reference - CEH v13 Official Courseware:
Module 04: Enumeration
Section: "DNS Enumeration"
Subsection: "DNS Cache Snooping and Timing Analysis"
Tool Reference: dig, nslookup

NEW QUESTION # 453
On performing a risk assessment, you need to determine the potential impacts when some of the critical business processes of the company interrupt its service.
What is the name of the process by which you can determine those critical businesses?

A. Emergency Plan Response (EPR)
B. Risk Mitigation
C. Business Impact Analysis (BIA)
D. Disaster Recovery Planning (DRP)

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 454
John, a professional hacker, decided to use DNS to perform data exfiltration on a target network, in this process, he embedded malicious data into the DNS protocol packets that even DNSSEC cannot detect. Using this technique. John successfully injected malware to bypass a firewall and maintained communication with the victim machine and C&C server. What is the technique employed by John to bypass the firewall?

A. DNS tunneling method
B. DNS enumeration
C. DNS cache snooping
D. DNSSEC zone walking

Answer: A

Explanation:
DNS tunneling may be a method wont to send data over the DNS protocol, a protocol which has never been intended for data transfer. due to that, people tend to overlook it and it's become a well-liked but effective tool in many attacks.Most popular use case for DNS tunneling is obtaining free internet through bypassing captive portals at airports, hotels, or if you are feeling patient the not-so-cheap on the wing Wi-Fi.On those shared internet hotspots HTTP traffic is blocked until a username/password is provided, however DNS traffic is usually still allowed within the background: we will encode our HTTP traffic over DNS and voila, we've internet access.This sounds fun but reality is, browsing anything on DNS tunneling is slow. Like, back to
1998 slow.Another more dangerous use of DNS tunneling would be bypassing network security devices (Firewalls, DLP appliances...) to line up an immediate and unmonitored communications channel on an organisation's network. Possibilities here are endless: Data exfiltration, fixing another penetration testing tool... you name it.To make it even more worrying, there's an outsized amount of easy to use DNS tunneling tools out there.There's even a minimum of one VPN over DNS protocol provider (warning: the planning of the web site is hideous, making me doubt on the legitimacy of it).As a pentester all this is often great, as a network admin not such a lot .
How does it work:For those that ignoramus about DNS protocol but still made it here, i feel you deserve a really brief explanation on what DNS does: DNS is sort of a phonebook for the web , it translates URLs (human-friendly language, the person's name), into an IP address (machine-friendly language, the phone number). That helps us remember many websites, same as we will remember many people's names.For those that know what DNS is i might suggest looking here for a fast refresh on DNS protocol, but briefly what you would like to understand is:* A Record: Maps a website name to an IP address.example.com ? 12.34.52.67* NS Record (a.k.a. Nameserver record): Maps a website name to an inventory of DNS servers, just in case our website is hosted in multiple servers.example.com ? server1.example.com, server2.example.comWho is involved in DNS tunneling?* Client. Will launch DNS requests with data in them to a website .* One Domain that we will configure. So DNS servers will redirect its requests to an outlined server of our own.* Server. this is often the defined nameserver which can ultimately receive the DNS requests.The 6 Steps in DNS tunneling (simplified):1. The client encodes data during a DNS request. The way it does this is often by prepending a bit of knowledge within the domain of the request. for instance : mypieceofdata.server1.example.com2. The DNS request goes bent a DNS server.3. The DNS server finds out the A register of your domain with the IP address of your server.4. The request for mypieceofdata.server1.example.com is forwarded to the server.5. The server processes regardless of the mypieceofdata was alleged to do. Let's assume it had been an HTTP request.6.
The server replies back over DNS and woop woop, we've got signal.
Bypassing Firewalls through the DNS Tunneling Method DNS operates using UDP, and it has a 255-byte limit on outbound queries. Moreover, it allows only alphanumeric characters and hyphens. Such small size constraints on external queries allow DNS to be used as an ideal choice to perform data exfiltration by various malicious entities. Since corrupt or malicious data can be secretly embedded into the DNS protocol packets, even DNSSEC cannot detect the abnormality in DNS tunneling. It is effectively used by malware to bypass the firewall to maintain communication between the victim machine and the C&C server. Tools such as NSTX (https://sourceforge.net), Heyoka (http://heyoka.sourceforge.netuse), and Iodine (https://code.kryo.se) use this technique of tunneling traffic across DNS port 53. CEH v11 Module 12 Page
994

NEW QUESTION # 455
Why containers are less secure that virtual machines?

A. Containers are attached to the same virtual network.
B. Host OS on containers has a larger surface attack.
C. Containers may full fill disk space of the host.
D. A compromise container may cause a CPU starvation of the host.

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 456
In an intricate web application architecture using an Oracle database, you, as a security analyst, have identified a potential SQL Injection attack surface. The database consists of 'x' tables, each with y columns.
Each table contains z1 records. An attacker, well-versed in SQLi techniques, crafts 'u' SQL payloads, each attempting to extract maximum data from the database. The payloads include UNION SELECT' statements and 'DBMS_XSLPPOCESSOR.READ2CLOB' to read sensitive files. The attacker aims to maximize the total data extracted E=xyz'u'. Assuming 'x=4 y=2 and varying z' and 'u which situation is likely to result in the highest extracted data volume?

A. z=550, u=Z Here, the attacker formulates 2 SQL payloads and directs them towards tables containing
550 records, impacting all columns and tables
B. z=400. u=4: The attacker constructs A SQLpayloads, each focusing on tables with 400 records, influencing all columns of all tables
C. z=600. u=2: The attacker devises 2 SQL payloads. each aimed at tables holding 600 records, affecting all columns across all tables
D. Az=500. u=3: The attacker creates 3 SQL payloads and targets tables with 500 records each, exploiting all columns and tables

Answer: C

Explanation:
The total data extracted by the attacker is E=xyz'u', where x is the number of tables, y is the number of columns, z is the number of records, and u is the number of SQL payloads. To maximize E, the attacker would want to choose the highest values of z and u, while keeping x and y constant. Therefore, the situation where z=600 and u=2 would result in the highest extracted data volume, as E=42600*2=9600. The other situations would result in lower values of E, as shown below:
* A: E=42400*4=12800
* B: E=42550*2=8800
* D: E=42500*3=12000
The attacker uses UNION SELECT statements to combine the results from different tables and columns, and DBMS_XSLPPOCESSOR.READ2CLOB to read sensitive files from the database server12. These techniques can bypass input validation and pattern matching measures that are based on the application's responses3.
References:
* 1: DBMS_XSLPROCESSOR - Oracle Help Center
* 2: DBMS_XSLPROCESSOR.READ2CLOB Example Script to Read a file data into ...
* 3: Attack Surface Analysis - OWASP Cheat Sheet Series

NEW QUESTION # 457
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